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Atomic structure underpins the behaviour of elements, their interactions, and the formation of molecules. These are fundamental to chemistry, physics, and many applied sciences. This resource explains the structure of atoms, atomic numbers and mass numbers, and isotopes and atomic masses. The atomic model All atoms are composed of a...
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Everything in the universe is made of atoms. From the screen you are looking at, to the hand you are using to navigate this page, atoms are the building blocks of all matter. Let's step through what atoms are made of and how they make other molecules and compounds. This...
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Atoms are the basic building blocks of elements. They are too small to be observed by the naked eye. Let's explore atoms, and molecules and compounds. Elements are the building blocks of all matter and composed of one type of atom, such as \(\ce{He}\), \(\ce{H}\), \(\ce{C}\), \(\ce{Mg}\), and \(\ce{Fe}\). Some...
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Quantum numbers are used to describe orbitals. They serve as an "address" for locating an electron within an atom, specifying its energy level, shape, orientation, and spin. Therefore, they provide a detailed understanding of the regions in an atom where electrons are likely to be found, which is crucial for...
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Quantum numbers provide a detailed framework for describing the arrangement and behavior of electrons in atoms. Test your understanding of quantum numbers with a quiz. Your turn – quantum numbers If \(n=5\), what are the possible values for \(\ell\)? For a certain electron, \(\ell=0\). What is the shape of the...
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Electrons are fundamental subatomic particles with a negative electric charge. They play a crucial role in many aspects of science and technology. Bohr planetary (particle) model and Schrödinger's wave mechanical model Electrons have historically been described as tiny particles that revolve around the nucleus in circular orbits similar to the...
